Façades
…though 'façade' is a relatively young concept, codified in the 18th century, it has become a metonym for architecture as a whole, the element most invested with aesthetic, political, and cultural expectation... as the classic concept of façade crystalized in Europe, it was defined by decorum, composition, faciality, orientation, profile, embellishment, signification, and rigidity, dictating the relationship of openness and opacity... the codes of the façade insinuated themselves in our neurological wiring, triggering Pavlovian responses to certain types of architecture... technological advances in the 20th century - bigger glass, the curtain wall, silicone, air conditioning - transformed the façade into a seamless and perfectly sealed wrapper, no longer a carefully ordered rhythm of elements (windows, balconies, doors, roof) and functional ornamentation (columns for structure, string-courses for rain protection) but a monolithic, all-over composition...
“Elements of Architecture” Rem Koolhaas
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